India is at the cusp of a demographic transition that is both unprecedented and irreversible. The steady increase in life expectancy, combined with a declining fertility rate, is resulting in a growing proportion of elderly citizens. As per projections, by 2050, nearly 20% of the Indian population will be over the age of 60, amounting to over 347 million individuals. This demographic shift brings forth complex challenges related to healthcare, social security, caregiving, economic dependency, mental health, and infrastructure accessibility. At the same time, this transition opens up opportunities to reimagine ageing. Older persons bring a wealth of experience, knowledge, and cultural depth that can be harnessed to enrich communities and contribute to social and economic development. To realise this potential, it is essential to create systems that support ageing with dignity, security, and purpose. The National Conference on Ageing in India: Emerging Realities, Evolving Responses, hosted by Sankala Foundation, is a timely and significant effort to address this urgent need. The conference is designed as a multidisciplinary platform to explore how India can respond to its ageing population with innovation, inclusivity, and compassion. Bringing together thought leaders from government, academia, civil society, healthcare, and the private sector, the conference aims to foster a holistic understanding of ageing-related issues and highlight practical, scalable solutions.